Orthodontics is the division of dentistry that focuses on correcting improperly aligned teeth and jaws. Misalignments can cause problems such as speech defects, difficulty chewing and poor oral hygiene.
Most orthodontic work is done in children and teenagers. This is because bone responds better to treatment during growth, especially in the upper jaw. 북가좌동치과
Fixed Appliances
Fixed appliances are orthodontic devices that are bonded to the teeth and cannot be removed. They are commonly used for anchorage, correction of some skeletal or jaw discrepancies, and treatment of dental irregularities.
To control tooth movement, the orthodontist uses attachments bonded onto the teeth (brackets) and wires engaged within a specific slot incorporated in the brackets. These clinical setups have been in use for many years and are referred to as fixed orthodontic appliances.
In recent years, the use of edgewise appliances has been introduced that provide better crown and root control. An evolution from the ribbon arch system, edgewise brackets have a horizontal (90-degree) bracket slot that closely fits with the wire, allowing for better crown and root control.
The orthodontist can then apply orthodontic force to move teeth within the slot. The magnitude of the force applied depends on the patient’s age and the underlying malocclusion, as well as other clinician-, appliance-, and patient-related factors.
Removable Appliances
Removable appliances are another orthodontic treatment option that can be used to correct a wide range of dental problems. They are also less expensive than fixed appliances, and cause less discomfort.
Removable functional appliances are designed to produce tooth movement in two main categories: increasing the arch perimeter or repositioning individual teeth within the arch (Fig. 15-11A).
They differ from fixed appliances in that they can move teeth bodily without tipping, whereas fixed appliances are capable of moving teeth at angles and applying pressure (torque) to their roots.
Removable Hawley-type retainers incorporating finger springs can reduce lingual displacement of the maxillary incisors, with correction usually achieved in 6 to 12 weeks. However, the use of these appliances requires full posterior occlusal coverage, as lingual inclination can interfere with appliance action.
Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery is a surgical procedure that corrects problems with the upper and lower jaws. These can be issues related to growth, structure or airway obstruction during sleep.
Patients who have significant malocclusion (a bad bite) that cannot be corrected using orthodontic treatment may need jaw surgery. This can be done by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon to reposition the jaws and correct the bite.
If the jaws are not in proper position, it can cause wear and damage to the teeth, resulting in tooth loss. In addition, the teeth may not fit together properly when the jaws are positioned incorrectly.
The purpose of corrective jaw surgery is to improve the function of the jaws and lower face, as well as enhance the patient’s appearance. It is performed on patients with a wide range of conditions, including growth defects, abnormalities related to structure and airway issues such as sleep apnea and TMJ disorders. 남가좌동치과
Braces
There are many different types of braces that can be used to correct dental issues. Your orthodontist will recommend the best treatment method for your specific needs.
There are also options that can be less visible than traditional braces, such as clear aligners. These are a great option for adults who want to improve their smile without the visible wires and brackets of traditional braces.
Patients can choose from a variety of braces styles, including metal or ceramic braces. These types of braces are designed to straighten teeth and shift the bite.
The metal or ceramic brackets are affixed to the front of your teeth with a strong bonding cement. These brackets can be colored or shaped in various ways to blend in with your smile.